Vitamin B refers to a group of eight essential water-soluble vitamins that play a vital role in various physiological functions in the body. These vitamins include B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine), B7 (biotin), B9 (folate, or folic acid), and B12 (cobalamin). Each of these vitamins contributes to key processes such as energy metabolism, red blood cell formation, cognitive function, and the synthesis of DNA. Because they are water-soluble, any excess amounts are not stored in the body and can be lost through urine, making regular dietary intake important.
Foods rich in B vitamins include whole grains, meat, eggs, dairy products, legumes, seeds, nuts, and dark leafy greens. Deficiencies can lead to a host of health issues, including fatigue, anemia, cognitive decline, and skin problems. Supplements are available and can be beneficial, especially for individuals with specific dietary restrictions, such as vegetarians or those with certain medical conditions that affect nutrient absorption. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen to assess individual needs and avoid potential negative interactions.